Diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with an absolute or relative lack of insulin in the body and characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism and other metabolic disorders.Simply put, diabetes is not a disease in the full sense, but an incorrect lifestyle and diet.Therefore, nutrition for diabetes plays an important role in the patient’s well-being.
Foods to include and exclude from the diet for type 2 diabetes
Nutrition for diabetes should be correct and include foods with a low glycemic index (from 10 to 40):
- vegetables: tomatoes, eggplants, cabbage, cucumbers, zucchini, green beans and other green vegetables;
- eggs;
- mushrooms and various nuts;
- fruits and berries: cherries, cranberries, lingonberries, plums, pears, apples, gooseberries, strawberries, strawberries and juices from them;
- citrus fruits: lemon, orange, tangerine and grapefruit;
- products made from cereals and bran: barley bread, rice bran, oat flakes, buckwheat, spaghetti and pasta with durum flour;
- dietary meat: poultry, rabbit, turkey, veal;
- low-fat fish and fish products;
- dark chocolate;
- cold pressed linseed oil;
- mineral water.
Limitconsumption of foods with an average glycemic index (from 40 to 70)
- dairy products: kefir, milk, yogurt;
- low-fat or low-fat;
- vegetables: beets (boiled and stewed), carrots, legumes;
- whole grain flour bread, rye bread, black bread, yeast bread;
- fresh and canned pineapple;
- apple and grape juices, without sugar;
- instant oatmeal;
- marmalade;
- raisins, melon, kiwi;
- industrial mayonnaise;
- canned corn;
- pancakes made from wheat flour;
- brown rice
Excludefrom the diet foods with a high glycemic index (from 70 to 100)
- watermelon;
- wheat cereals and breads;
- cornflakes;
- fries and baked;
- caramel and honey, jam, sweets, sugar;
- white bread;
- alcohol and sweet carbonated and non-carbonated drinks;
- coffee, tea, replacing them with chicory, green tea and blueberry leaf tea;
- sweet fruits: grapes, bananas;
- semolina;
- processed meat products: sausages, frankfurters, small sausages, chicken, smoked meat.
Along with taking medications prescribed by a doctor, you need to use medicinal plants: chicory, blueberry leaves, dandelion root, mantle, bean leaves and a collection of sugar-lowering herbs.
In addition, diabetics are advised to have an active lifestyle, to move more, including walking up to 2 km a day, walking up stairs, physical work, unless, of course, they have suffered a heart attack or stroke.Adjust your sleep schedule, sleep at least 7 hours a day, go to bed no later than 1 am.
Basic steps and rules of diet for type 2 diabetes
It is no secret that diabetes mellitus mainly affects overweight and obese people.
First step of the diet-2 weeks, getting rid of extra pounds.During this period, eat only foods with a low glycemic index.
If there is high blood sugar, it is recommended to eat strictly 3 times a day, without snacks, then the insulin will have time to be utilized.Instead of snacking, drink water or eat fruit.
Portions should be small, as nutritionists say, a portion should fit in the palm of your hand.
Second step of the diet– 15 days, consolidation of results.During this period, we eat foods with a low and medium glycemic index.We limit intake of sugar, honey, baked goods, potatoes, bananas, white rice and corn.
The third step of the diet– for the rest of my life, staying in shape and following the rules.The menu should be with low and medium glycemic levels.
From my own experience, I have been a diabetic for 11 years, I know that 70% of good health depends on what you ate for breakfast, lunch and dinner, and 20% on activity during the day and only 10% on medications.
Meals for diabetes mellitus for BREAKFAST list of dishes
For breakfast you can prepare the following dishes:
- Oatmeal - made with natural cereals and low-fat milk, with the addition of a small amount of wild berries, raisins, and dried apricots.
- Muesli or bran - with milk or low-fat yogurt.
- Buckwheat porridge with milk or boiled: tongue, rabbit, meat;or meatball, meat soufflé.
- Freshly made toast with a slice of cheese on whole grain bread.
- Low-fat or low-fat cottage cheese, with sour cream, yogurt or low-fat kefir.
- Cheesecakes with sour cream.
- Cabbage or potato cutlets with sour cream.
- Green tea based on natural herbs.Tea with milk.
- Fruits: pears, apples, oranges, grapefruits.
- Boiled eggs with homemade mayonnaise.
- Omelet with squid.
- Cabbage casserole in the oven.
- Zucchini casserole.
- Meat pudding.
Meals for diabetes for LUNCH list of dishes
A normal lunch consists of salads, first and second courses, desserts and drinks.The following dishes are offered for lunch:
Salads:
The basis of salads can be lettuce, fresh cabbage, incl.and Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, fresh vegetables (radish, radish, cucumber, tomato), celery, broccoli, mushrooms, cheeses and fruits.
First courses:
- Soups:
- vegetable vegetarian;
- pearl barley and buckwheat with mushrooms;
- rice with egg;
- with cauliflower;
- with peas, with beans;
- pickle;
- fish with celery;
- vegetable with chicken;
- Lenten borscht with sour cream.
Second courses:
- Boiled meat or stew with stewed cabbage.
- Beef stroganoff with mashed potatoes.
- Goulash with boiled potatoes.
- Boiled chicken with millet porridge.
- Mexican pita with feta cheese and mushrooms.
- Sandwiches to your taste, based on whole grain bread.
Dessert:
- Lemon jelly without sugar.
- Carrot cake.
- Curd soufflé.
- Stevia chocolate cake in the microwave.
- Pumpkin cheesecake without sugar and semolina.
- Diet cake.
- Baked apples.
Drinks
- Tomato juice.
- Kefir or kefir with cinnamon.
- Rosehip decoction or tea.
- Milk thistle tea (for weight loss).
- Fruit compote with sweetener.
Meals for diabetes for DINNER list of dishes
Dinner dishes could be:
- Cabbage rolls stuffed with vegetables.
- Boiled fish of low-fat varieties.
- Carrot-apple balls with kefir.
- Carrot puree with sour cream.
- Stewed cabbage.
- Vegetable casserole.
1 hour before bedtime
- a glass of kefir;
The above list of dishes is a recommendation; you must develop your own menu and focus on your well-being.